您可以使用多种语言的客户端连接阿里云Redis。

Redis客户端

由于云数据库Redis提供的数据库服务与原生的数据库服务完全兼容,连接数据库的方式也基本类似。任何兼容Redis协议的客户端都可以访问云数据库Redis版服务,您可以根据自身应用特点选用任何Redis客户端。

注意
  • 如果同一VPC内的实例开启了免密访问功能,则无需提供密码信息,即可连接数据库。
  • 如果连接遇到问题,请参见Redis连接问题排查与解决

Redis的客户端请参考http://redis.io/clients

连接前提

  • 将ECS实例的内网IP地址或本地主机的外网IP地址加入Redis白名单
  • 如果使用自定义账号连接Redis,连接密码格式需为<user>:<password>。例如,自定义账号的用户名为admin,密码为Rp829dlwa,则连接Redis时的密码为admin:Rp829dlwa
  • 通过直连模式访问Redis集群版实例需要先开通直连访问,然后使用直连地址访问Redis实例

Jedis客户端

Jedis客户端访问云数据库Redis版服务,有以下两种方法:

  • Jedis单链接
  • JedisPool连接池连接

操作步骤如下:

  1. 下载并安装Jedis客户端:单击下载地址
  2. Jedis单连接示例
    1. 打开Eclipse客户端,创建一个Project,输入如下代码段:
      import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
      public class jedistest {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
      try {
           String host = "xx.kvstore.aliyuncs.com";//控制台显示访问地址
           int port = 6379;
           Jedis jedis = new Jedis(host, port);
           //鉴权信息
           jedis.auth("password");//password
           String key = "redis";
           String value = "aliyun-redis";
           //select db默认为0
           jedis.select(1);
           //set一个key
           jedis.set(key, value);
           System.out.println("Set Key " + key + " Value: " + value);
           //get 设置进去的key
           String getvalue = jedis.get(key);
           System.out.println("Get Key " + key + " ReturnValue: " + getvalue);
           jedis.quit();
           jedis.close();
      } 
      catch (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
       }
      }
      }
    2. 运行上述Project,在Eclipse的控制台输出如下运行结果则表示您已成功连接云数据库Redis。
      Set Key redis Value aliyun-redis
      Get Key redis ReturnValue aliyun-redis

      接下来您就可以通过自己的本地客户端Jedis操作您的云数据库Redis。您也可以通过JedisPool连接池来连接您的云数据库Redis。

  3. JedisPool连接池示例
    1. 打开Eclipse客户端,创建一个Project,配置pom文件,具体配置如下所示:
      <dependency>
      <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
      <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
      <version>2.7.2</version>
      <type>jar</type>
      <scope>compile</scope>
      </dependency>
    2. 在project中添加如下应用:
      import org.apache.commons.pool2.PooledObject;
      import org.apache.commons.pool2.PooledObjectFactory;
      import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.DefaultPooledObject;
      import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
      import redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort;
      import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
      import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
      import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
    3. 如果您的Jedis客户端版本是Jedis-2.7.2,在Project中输入如下代码:
      JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
      //最大空闲连接数, 应用自己评估,不要超过ApsaraDB for Redis每个实例最大的连接数
      config.setMaxIdle(200);
      //最大连接数, 应用自己评估,不要超过ApsaraDB for Redis每个实例最大的连接数
      config.setMaxTotal(300);
      config.setTestOnBorrow(false);
      config.setTestOnReturn(false);
      String host = "*.aliyuncs.com";
      String password = "密码";
      JedisPool pool = new JedisPool(config, host, 6379, 3000, password);
      Jedis jedis = null;
      try {
      jedis = pool.getResource();
      /// ... do stuff here ... for example
      jedis.set("foo", "bar");
      String foobar = jedis.get("foo");
      jedis.zadd("sose", 0, "car");
      jedis.zadd("sose", 0, "bike");
      Set<String> sose = jedis.zrange("sose", 0, -1);
      } finally {
      if (jedis != null) {
      jedis.close();
      }
      }
      /// ... when closing your application:
      pool.destroy();
    4. 如果您的Jedis客户端版本是Jedis-2.6、Jedis-2.5,在Project中输入如下代码:
      JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
      //最大空闲连接数, 应用自己评估,不要超过ApsaraDB for Redis每个实例最大的连接数
      config.setMaxIdle(200);
      //最大连接数, 应用自己评估,不要超过ApsaraDB for Redis每个实例最大的连接数
      config.setMaxTotal(300);
      config.setTestOnBorrow(false);
      config.setTestOnReturn(false);
      String host = "*.aliyuncs.com";
      String password = "密码";
      JedisPool pool = new JedisPool(config, host, 6379, 3000, password);
      Jedis jedis = null;
      boolean broken = false;
      try {
           jedis = pool.getResource();
           /// ... do stuff here ... for example
           jedis.set("foo", "bar");
           String foobar = jedis.get("foo");
           jedis.zadd("sose", 0, "car");
           jedis.zadd("sose", 0, "bike");
           Set<String> sose = jedis.zrange("sose", 0, -1);
      } 
      catch(Exception e)
      {
           broken = true;
      } finally {
      if (broken) {
           pool.returnBrokenResource(jedis);
      } else if (jedis != null) {
           pool.returnResource(jedis);
       }
      }
    5. 运行上述Project,在Eclipse的控制台输出如下运行结果则表示您已成功连接云数据库Redis。
      Set Key redis Value aliyun-redis
      Get Key redis ReturnValue aliyun-redis

      接下来您就可以通过自己的本地客户端Jedis操作您的云数据库Redis。

TairJedis客户端

TairJedis是阿里云基于Jedis开发的Redis企业版专用客户端,除了Jedis的原有功能,还支持Redis企业版数据结构模块包含的命令

详细说明请参见GitHub

phpredis客户端

操作步骤如下所示:

  1. 下载并安装phpredis客户端:单击下载地址
  2. 在任何一款可以编辑php的编辑器中输入如下代码:
    <?php
     /* 这里替换为连接的实例host和port */
     $host = "localhost";
     $port = 6379;
     /* 这里替换为实例id和实例password */
     $user = "test_username";
     $pwd = "test_password";
     $redis = new Redis();
     if ($redis->connect($host, $port) == false) {
             die($redis->getLastError());
       }
     if ($redis->auth($pwd) == false) {
             die($redis->getLastError());
      }
      /* 认证后就可以进行数据库操作,详情文档参考https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis */
     if ($redis->set("foo", "bar") == false) {
             die($redis->getLastError());
     }
     $value = $redis->get("foo");
     echo $value;
     ?>
  3. 执行上述代码,您就可以通过自己的本地客户端phpredis访问您的云数据库Redis,详情文档参考https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis

redis-py客户端

操作步骤如下:

  1. 下载并安装redis-py客户端:单击下载地址
  2. 在任何一款可以编辑Python的编辑器中输入如下代码,即可建立连接通过本地客户端redis-py进行数据库操作。
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import redis
#这里替换为连接的实例host和port
host = 'localhost'
port = 6379
#这里替换为实例password
pwd = 'test_password'
r = redis.StrictRedis(host=host, port=port, password=pwd)
#连接建立后就可以进行数据库操作,详情文档参考https://github.com/andymccurdy/redis-py
r.set('foo', 'bar');
print r.get('foo')

C/C++客户端

操作步骤如下所示:

  1. 下载并编译安装C客户端,编译安装代码如下所示:
         git clone https://github.com/redis/hiredis.git
         cd hiredis
         make 
         sudo make install
  2. 在C/C++编辑器中编写如下代码:
         #include <stdio.h>
         #include <stdlib.h>
         #include <string.h>
         #include <hiredis.h>
         int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         unsigned int j;
         redisContext *c;
         redisReply *reply;
         if (argc < 4) {
                 printf("Usage: example xxx.kvstore.aliyuncs.com 6379 instance_id password\n");
                 exit(0);
         }
         const char *hostname = argv[1];
         const int port = atoi(argv[2]);
         const char *instance_id = argv[3];
         const char *password = argv[4];
         struct timeval timeout = { 1, 500000 }; // 1.5 seconds
         c = redisConnectWithTimeout(hostname, port, timeout);
         if (c == NULL || c->err) {
         if (c) {
                 printf("Connection error: %s\n", c->errstr);
                 redisFree(c);
         } else {
                 printf("Connection error: can't allocate redis context\n");
         }
         exit(1);
         }
         /* AUTH */
         reply = redisCommand(c, "AUTH %s", password);
         printf("AUTH: %s\n", reply->str);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* PING server */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"PING");
         printf("PING: %s\n", reply->str);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* Set a key */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"SET %s %s", "foo", "hello world");
         printf("SET: %s\n", reply->str);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* Set a key using binary safe API */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"SET %b %b", "bar", (size_t) 3, "hello", (size_t) 5);
         printf("SET (binary API): %s\n", reply->str);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* Try a GET and two INCR */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"GET foo");
         printf("GET foo: %s\n", reply->str);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         reply = redisCommand(c,"INCR counter");
         printf("INCR counter: %lld\n", reply->integer);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* again ... */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"INCR counter");
         printf("INCR counter: %lld\n", reply->integer);
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* Create a list of numbers, from 0 to 9 */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"DEL mylist");
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
                 char buf[64];
                 snprintf(buf,64,"%d",j);
                 reply = redisCommand(c,"LPUSH mylist element-%s", buf);
                 freeReplyObject(reply);
             }
         /* Let's check what we have inside the list */
         reply = redisCommand(c,"LRANGE mylist 0 -1");
         if (reply->type == REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY) {
                 for (j = 0; j < reply->elements; j++) {
                 printf("%u) %s\n", j, reply->element[j]->str);
         }
         }
         freeReplyObject(reply);
         /* Disconnects and frees the context */
         redisFree(c);
         return 0;
         }
  3. 编译上述代码。
    gcc -o example -g example.c -I /usr/local/include/hiredis -lhiredis
  4. 测试运行。
     example xxx.kvstore.aliyuncs.com 6379 instance_id password

至此完成通过C/C++客户端连接云数据库Redis。

.net客户端

操作步骤如下所示:

  1. 下载并使用.net客户端。
     git clone https://github.com/ServiceStack/ServiceStack.Redis
  2. 在.net 客户端中新建.net项目。
  3. 添加客户端引用,引用文件在库文件的ServiceStack.Redis/lib/tests中。
  4. 在新建的.net项目中输入如下代码来连接云数据库Redis。详细的接口用法请参见https://github.com/ServiceStack/ServiceStack.Redis
    using System;
     using System.Collections.Generic;
     using System.Linq;
     using System.Text;
     using System.Threading.Tasks;
     using ServiceStack.Redis;
     namespace ServiceStack.Redis.Tests
     {
             class Program
     {
     public static void RedisClientTest()
     {
             string host = "127.0.0.1";/*访问host地址*/
             string password = "password";/*密码*/
             RedisClient redisClient = new RedisClient(host, 6379, password);
             string key = "test-aliyun";
             string value = "test-aliyun-value";
             redisClient.Set(key, value);
             string listKey = "test-aliyun-list";
             System.Console.WriteLine("set key " + key + " value " + value);
             string getValue = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetString(redisClient.Get(key));
             System.Console.WriteLine("get key " + getValue);
             System.Console.Read();
     }
     public static void RedisPoolClientTest()
     {
             string[] testReadWriteHosts = new[] {
             "redis://[email protected]:6379"/*redis://密码@访问地址:端口*/
     };
     RedisConfig.VerifyMasterConnections = false;//需要设置
     PooledRedisClientManager redisPoolManager = new PooledRedisClientManager(10/*连接池个数*/, 10/*连接池超时时间*/, testReadWriteHosts);
     for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++){
             IRedisClient redisClient = redisPoolManager.GetClient();//获取连接
             RedisNativeClient redisNativeClient = (RedisNativeClient)redisClient;
             redisNativeClient.Client = null;//ApsaraDB for Redis不支持client setname所以这里需要显示的把client对象置为null
     try
     {
             string key = "test-aliyun1111";
             string value = "test-aliyun-value1111";
             redisClient.Set(key, value);
             string listKey = "test-aliyun-list";
             redisClient.AddItemToList(listKey, value);
             System.Console.WriteLine("set key " + key + " value " + value);
             string getValue = redisClient.GetValue(key);
             System.Console.WriteLine("get key " + getValue);
             redisClient.Dispose();//
     }catch (Exception e)
     {
             System.Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
     }
     }
             System.Console.Read();
     }
     static void Main(string[] args)
     {
             //单链接模式
             RedisClientTest();
             //连接池模式
             RedisPoolClientTest();
     }
     }
     }

node-redis客户端

操作步骤如下所示:

  1. 下载并安装node-redis。
    npm install hiredis redis
  2. 在node-redis客户端中输入如下代码并执行以此连接云数据Redis版。
     var redis = require("redis"),
     client = redis.createClient(<port>, <"host">, {detect_buffers: true});
     client.auth("password", redis.print)
    说明 port为端口,默认为6379;host为连接地址。例如:
    client = redis.createClient(6379, "r-abcdefg.redis.rds.aliyuncs.com", {detect_buffers: true});
  3. 使用云数据Redis版。
       // 写入数据
     client.set("key", "OK");
     // 获取数据,返回String
     client.get("key", function (err, reply) {
     console.log(reply.toString()); // print `OK`
     });
     // 如果传入一个Buffer,返回也是一个Buffer
     client.get(new Buffer("key"), function (err, reply) {
     console.log(reply.toString()); // print `<Buffer 4f 4b>`
     });
     client.quit();

C#客户端StackExchange.Redis

操作步骤如下所示:

  1. 下载并安装StackExchange.Redis
  2. 添加引用。
    using StackExchange.Redis;
  3. 初始化ConnectionMultiplexer。

    ConnectionMultiplexer是StackExchange.Redis的核心,它被整个应用程序共享和重用,应该设置为单例,它的初始化如下:

     // redis config
     private static ConfigurationOptions configurationOptions = ConfigurationOptions.Parse("127.0.0.1:6379,password=xxx,connectTimeout=2000");
      //the lock for singleton
     private static readonly object Locker = new object();
      //singleton
     private static ConnectionMultiplexer redisConn;
     //singleton
     public static ConnectionMultiplexer getRedisConn()
     {
         if (redisConn == null)
         {
             lock (Locker)
             {
                 if (redisConn == null || !redisConn.IsConnected)
                 {
                     redisConn = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(configurationOptions);
                 }
             }
         }
         return redisConn;
     }
    说明

    ConfigurationOptions包含很多选项,例如keepAlive、connectRetry、name,具体可以参考StackExchange.Redis.ConfigurationOptions。

  4. GetDatabase()返回的对象是轻量级的,每次用的时候从ConnectionMultiplexer对象中获取即可。
     redisConn = getRedisConn();
     var db = redisConn.GetDatabase();
  5. 下面给出5种数据结构的demo,它们的API和原生略有不同,分别用String、Hash、List、Set、SortedSet开头代表5种数据结构。
    • string:

      //set get
      string strKey = "hello";
      string strValue = "world";
      bool setResult = db.StringSet(strKey, strValue);
      Console.WriteLine("set " + strKey + " " + strValue + ", result is " + setResult);
      //incr
      string counterKey = "counter";
      long counterValue = db.StringIncrement(counterKey);
      Console.WriteLine("incr " + counterKey + ", result is " + counterValue);
      //expire
      db.KeyExpire(strKey, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5));
      Thread.Sleep(5 * 1000);
      Console.WriteLine("expire " + strKey + ", after 5 seconds, value is " + db.StringGet(strKey));
      //mset mget
      KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue> kv1 = new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>("key1", "value1");
      KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue> kv2 = new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>("key2", "value2");
      db.StringSet(new KeyValuePair<RedisKey, RedisValue>[] {kv1,kv2});            
      RedisValue[] values = db.StringGet(new RedisKey[] {kv1.Key, kv2.Key});
      Console.WriteLine("mget " + kv1.Key.ToString() + " " + kv2.Key.ToString() + ", result is " + values[0] + "&&" + values[1]);
    • hash
      string hashKey = "myhash";
      //hset
      db.HashSet(hashKey,"f1","v1");
      db.HashSet(hashKey,"f2", "v2");
      HashEntry[] values = db.HashGetAll(hashKey);
      //hgetall
      Console.Write("hgetall " + hashKey + ", result is");
      for (int i = 0; i < values.Length;i++) 
      {
        HashEntry hashEntry = values[i];
        Console.Write(" " + hashEntry.Name.ToString() + " " + hashEntry.Value.ToString());
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
    • list
      //list key
      string listKey = "myList";
      //rpush
      db.ListRightPush(listKey, "a");
      db.ListRightPush(listKey, "b");
      db.ListRightPush(listKey, "c");
      //lrange
      RedisValue[] values = db.ListRange(listKey, 0, -1);
      Console.Write("lrange " + listKey + " 0 -1, result is ");
      for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
      {
       Console.Write(values[i] + " ");
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
    • set
      //set key
      string setKey = "mySet";
      //sadd
      db.SetAdd(setKey, "a");
      db.SetAdd(setKey, "b");
      db.SetAdd(setKey, "c");
      //sismember
      bool isContains = db.SetContains(setKey, "a");
      Console.WriteLine("set " + setKey + " contains a is " + isContains );
    • sortedset
      string sortedSetKey = "myZset";
      //sadd
      db.SortedSetAdd(sortedSetKey, "xiaoming", 85);
      db.SortedSetAdd(sortedSetKey, "xiaohong", 100);
      db.SortedSetAdd(sortedSetKey, "xiaofei", 62);
      db.SortedSetAdd(sortedSetKey, "xiaotang", 73);
      //zrevrangebyscore
      RedisValue[] names = db.SortedSetRangeByRank(sortedSetKey, 0, 2, Order.Ascending);
      Console.Write("zrevrangebyscore " + sortedSetKey + " 0 2, result is ");
      for (int i = 0; i < names.Length; i++)
      {
        Console.Write(names[i] + " ");
      }
      Console.WriteLine();